안녕하세요！ 토미입니다.
Let’s have fun learning the beautiful language of Korean!
I made this lesson for the students who had never learned Korean before.
By learning it, I will guide you in passing the official world-known Korean language test, TOPIK II.
In today’s class, we will learn how to read the most basic letters, which we call the basic sounds.
By the time you finish watching this video, you can read about 80% of all Hangul letters, even if you don’t understand their meanings.
80%, that is very impressive.
그럼 시작할게요!
Let’s get started!
Hangul Table
Now, let’s start practicing how to pronounce the consonants.
Consonants? already sounds complicated, right?
I will briefly explain concepts.
The basic sounds are made up of basic vowels and consonants.
But what are vowels and consonants?
In English, vowels are A, E, I, O, and U, and consonants are the other sounds, such as K, T, S, M, etc.
It is also the same in Korean.
Please see the first page of the Hangul table.
There are 14 consonants in total, which are ㄱ, ㄴ, ㄷ, ㄹ, ㅁ, ㅂ, ㅅ, ㅇ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ, ㅎ.
All of these consonants were made based on the shape of your mouth when you pronounce them.
If you try to memorize the letters together with the shape of your mouth, you can improve your pronunciation!
Basic Sounds
Let me explain one thing first.
There are characters with two different pronunciations in the orange column of consonants.
/ㄱ/ sounds [k] and [g] /ㄷ/ sounds [t] and [d] /ㅂ/ sounds [p] and [b] /ㅈ/ sounds [ch] and [j]
This means that when the consonant comes at the beginning of a word, you read it with the left pronunciation.
When it comes in the middle of a word, you read it with the correct pronunciation.
In today’s class, we will use the pronunciation on the left.
ㄱ(기역) [k]
First, for /ㄱ/(기역), the sound comes from the ceiling of your mouth with a [k] sound.
Open your mouth and leave your tongue at the bottom to pronounce /ㄱ/. To write /ㄱ/(기역), you first write a horizontal bar from left to right and then pull the pen straight down.
When you combine this with the vowels that we have learned in the previous lesson, it becomes like this.
가, 갸, 거, 겨, 고, 교, 구, 규, 그, 기
ㄴ(니은) [n]
Next, /ㄴ/(니은) sounds [n], and when you pronounce this, your tongue touches behind your front teeth.
Can you see that this was made based on the position of the tongue?
To write /ㄴ/(니은), you draw the vertical line first from top to bottom, and then the horizontal line from left to write.
When you combine this with the vowels, it will be like this.
나, 냐, 너, 녀, 노, 뇨, 누, 뉴, 느, 니
ㄷ(디귿) [t]
Next, /ㄷ/(디귿) sounds [t].
It is the same as the sound of [n]; your tongue touches behind the front teeth when you pronounce /ㄷ/(디귿).
To write, you write a horizontal line from left to right, then a vertical line from top to bottom, and a horizontal line from left to right.
Together with the vowels, it looks like this.
다, 댜, 더, 뎌, 도, 됴, 두, 듀, 드, 디
ㄹ(리을) [l]
Next is /ㄹ/(리을).
This one is similar to [l] sound: the tongue touches behind the front teeth and then goes behind the mouth for a second.
The shape /ㄹ/ shows this movement of the tongue.
When you write /ㄹ/, write a horizontal line from left to right, then pull the pen down.
After that, write the other horizontal line from left to right, then the vertical line from top to bottom, and at last, a horizontal line from left to right.
When you combine this with the vowels. It becomes like this.
라, 랴, 러, 려, 로, 료, 루, 류, 르, 리
ㅁ(미음) [m]
Next, /ㅁ/(미음) sounds [m], and you must close your mouth to pronounce this.
The shape is a square because it shows the shape of the mouth being closed.
/ㅁ/(미음) /ㅁ/(미음) To write /ㅁ/(미음), write a vertical line from top to bottom.
After that, draw the second line from the top of the first line, write the horizontal line from left to right, and go down.
Finally, draw a horizontal line from left to right.
Together with the vowels, it will be like this.
마, 먀, 머, 며, 모, 묘, 무, 뮤, 므,미
ㅂ(비읍) [p]
Next is /ㅂ/(비읍), which has the [p] sound.
Similar to /ㅁ/(미음), you need to close your mouth when you pronounce /ㅂ/(비읍), but with a little bit of air coming out from the mouth.
The shape of this consonant shows that the mouth is closed, but a little bit of air is coming out.
To write, start with the two vertical lines from top to bottom and finish with the two horizontal lines from left to right.
Combining this with the vowels, you can see these letters.
바, 뱌, 버, 벼, 보, 뵤, 부, 뷰, 브, 비
ㅅ(시옷) [s]
Next, /ㅅ/(시옷) has the [s] sound.
When it is pronounced, the sound comes out from the small gap between the teeth.
So, the shape of /ㅅ/ (시옷) was created based on the shape of the teeth.
When you write /ㅅ/ (시옷), you write a diagonal line from top to bottom left, then another diagonal line from top left to bottom right.
Together with the vowels, it becomes like this.
사, 샤, 서, 셔, 소, 쇼, 수, 슈, 스, 시
ㅇ(이응) [ng]
Next is /ㅇ/(이응), which we learned in the previous lessons.
Let’s review this a little bit. The sound is like [ng]. When you pronounce this, make your mouth round.
This is why the shape is a circle.
It’s easy to remember, right?
You write /ㅇ/(이응) counterclockwise. When combined with the vowels, it looks like this.
아, 야, 어, 여, 오, 요, 우, 유, 으, 이
ㅈ(지읒) [ch]
Next is /ㅈ/(지읒), which makes a [ch] sound.
It is the same as when pronouncing /ㅅ/. The sound should come from the small gap between your teeth.
Because /ㅈ/ sounds a little stronger than /ㅅ/, a horizontal bar is on top of /ㅅ/.
When you write /ㅈ/, start with a horizontal line from left to write, and then the two diagonal lines, first from top to bottom left and then from the top right to bottom right.
Together with the vowels, it becomes like this.
자, 쟈, 저, 져, 조, 죠, 주, 쥬, 즈, 지
ㅎ(히읗) [h]
Finally, /ㅎ/(히읗) has the sound of [h].
Similar to /ㅇ/(이응), you need to make a space in the mouth.
But since you spit out more air than /ㅇ/(이응), the shape of the consonant is like this /ㅎ/.
It also looks like a pot, doesn’t it? Let’s pronounce it together.
To write, write a small line from top to bottom, then a horizontal line from left to right, and at last a circle. Together with the vowels, it looks like this.
하, 햐, 허, 혀, 호, 효, 후, 휴, 흐, 히
So, we have learned the basic sounds today.
Putting them all together, it looks like this.
가 갸 거 겨 고 교 구 규 그 기
나 냐 너 녀 노 뇨 누 뉴 느 니
다 댜 더 뎌 도 됴 두 듀 드 디
라 랴 러 려 로 료 루 류 르 리
마 먀 머 며 모 묘 무 뮤 므 미
바 뱌 버 벼 보 뵤 부 뷰 브 비
사 샤 서 셔 소 쇼 수 슈 스 시
아 야 어 여 오 요 우 유 으 이
자 쟈 저 져 조 죠 주 쥬 즈 지
하 햐 허 혀 호 효 후 휴 흐 히
Let’s practice saying these letters many, many times and remembering them.
That is all for today. Please try using what you have learned today with your Korean friends.
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그럼 오늘도 행복 가득, 웃음 가득한 하루 되세요！ 한국어 화이팅, 화이팅, 화이팅！！
Have a wonderful day!
