[Learn Korean E27] “(으)로”, “아/어 주세요” Can you do it (for me)?

안녕하세요! 토미입니다.
Let’s have fun learning an entertaining language, Korean!

The theme of today’s class is “펜을 빌려주시겠어요? (Can you lend me a pen?)”

Today, you will learn ‘-(으)로 (to),’ and ‘아/어 주시겠어요? 아/어 주세요 (Can you do it (for me)?)’

After completing today’s class, you can politely ask someone to do a favor for you, such as, “Can you take a picture for me?” That sounds so useful, right?

Let’s survive this elementary course, get the highest grade on TOPIK, and be a master of Korean!

그럼 시작할게요!

Listen to the Conversation

Today’s theme is “펜을 빌려주시겠어요? (Can you lend me a pen?)”

Tammy and Sangmin seem to have arrived at a test center, but Tammy is having a little trouble.
What’s going on?
Let’s listen to the conversation together with English subtitles.

그럼 들어보세요！

• 토미：펜을 좀 빌려주시겠어요? 제가 필통을 지하철 안에서 잃어버렸어요.
  Tammy： Can you lend me a pen for a moment? I lost my pencil case in the subway.
• 상민：네. 이거 쓰세요. 혹시 더 필요한 것 있으세요?
  Sangmin： Yes. Please use this. Is there anything else you need by any chance?
• 토미：정말 고마워요. 저는 이제 시험장으로 갈게요.
  Tammy： Thank you so much. I will go to the test center now.
• 상민：토미 씨, 시험에는 수정 테이프도 필요해요. 제가 오늘 두 개 가져왔어요.
  Sangmin： Tammy, you also need a correction tape for the test. I brought two today.
• 토미：그럼 수정테이프도 빌려주세요.
  Tammy： Then, please lend me the correction tape as well.
• 상민：네. 여기요. 시험 잘 보세요. 화이팅입니다!
  Sangmin： Yes. Here you go. Good luck with your exam. I hope you get a good score!

Vocabulary and Phrases

In this section, I will explain the vocabulary and phrases while reviewing the conversation one sentence at a time.

• 토미：펜을 좀 빌려주시겠어요? 제가 필통을 지하철 안에서 잃어버렸어요.

‘펜’ means ‘pen.’
The pronunciation is the same as in English, right?

Let’s also learn how to say other stationeries.
‘가위’ is ‘scissors,’ ‘칼’ is ‘utility knife,’ ‘샤프’ is ‘mechanical pencil,’ ‘연필’ is ‘pencil,’ and ‘연필깎이’ is ‘pencil sharpener.’

‘잃어버리다’ means ‘to end up losing.’
If I say, “제가 지갑을 잃어버렸어요,” it means “I ended up losing my wallet.”

• 상민：네. 이거 쓰세요. 혹시 더 필요한 것 있으세요?

‘혹시’ means ‘maybe, by chance.’
You can use this expression to say a sentence like, “혹시 박 부장님 부인이세요? (By any chance, are you Director Park’s wife?)”

‘더’ means ‘more, further.’
For example, ‘한번 더’ means ‘once more.’ ‘하나 더’ means ‘one more.’

‘필요하다’ means ‘to need.’
“불고기에는 불이 필요합니다.” means “You need fire for Bulgogi.”
This phrase “혹시 더 필요한 것 있으세요? (Is there anything else you need by any chance?)” is often used in business or daily conversation.

• 토미：정말 고마워요. 저는 이제 시험장으로 갈게요.
• 상민：토미 씨, 시험에는 수정 테이프도 필요해요. 제가 오늘 두 개 가져왔어요.
• 토미：그럼 수정테이프도 빌려주세요.

‘수정테이프’ is a ‘correction tape.’
So, if someone says “수정 테이프 주세요,” it means “Please, give me a correction tape.”

• 상민：네. 여기요. 시험 잘 보세요. 화이팅입니다！

‘여기요’ means ‘Here it is.’
You can use this phrase when you give something to others.

The phrase “시험 잘 보세요” means “Good luck with your test.”

‘화이팅’ came from ‘fighting spirit’ in English, but Koreans like the way ‘화이팅’ sounds.
So, they often use it to say, “Good luck.”
As you can see in this example sentence, “화이팅입니다!” conveys the nuance, “I hope you get a good score!”

Grammar

(으)로 “to”

When I first started learning Korean, ‘(으)로’ gave me so much headache because this ‘(으)로’ has several meanings.

At first, I understood the concept, but as I read and listened to example sentences many times, I gradually got used to it.

Today, I will introduce the four primary uses briefly.

First, you can use it to show direction ‘to.’
Second, you use it to demonstrate a method ‘with.’
Third, you can demonstrate a qualification, ‘as~.’
Lastly, you can express reasons and causes, such as ‘because of/as.’

Today, let’s focus on the first one, indicating the direction ‘to~.’

This grammar is pretty simple.
When the last letter of a noun has a final consonant, you use ‘으로,’ and when there is no final consonant, you use ‘로.’

It’s the same as other particles that we have learned so far.

But pay attention here!
The unique thing about ‘(으)로’ is when the last letter of a noun ends with /ㄹ/ final consonant, you don’t add ‘으로’ but instead add ‘로’ only.

Let’s take a look at them one by one.

학교로 가세요.
Please go to the school.

Here, we want to indicate the direction ‘to the school.’
Since ‘학교(school)’ does not have a final consonant, you add ‘로’ to say ‘학교로(to the school).’

Next, let’s take a look at a phrase in the conversation.

저는 이제 시험장으로 갈게요.
I will go to the test center now.

‘시험장’ a ‘test center’ has /ㅇ/ final consonant, so you add ‘으로’ to say ‘시험장으로(to a test center).’

Quiz

여행은 브라질(    ) 갈 거예요.
I am thinking of going to Brazil for my trip.

(1)로 (2)으로

The answer is (1).
Here, we want to say ‘to Brazil.’
‘브라질’ has /ㄹ/ final consonant, so you add ‘으로’ to say ‘브라질으로,’ which would be the correct answer, but… wait!
The word ‘브라질’ has /ㄹ/ final consonant.
So, you need to add ‘로’ only, and the answer is ‘브라질로(to Brazil).’

The whole sentence should be “여행은 브라질(로) 갈 거예요.”

아/어 주세요

The last grammar is ‘아/어 주세요(please do something).’
If you want to make it extra polite, you can also say, ‘아/어 주시겠어요?.’

To do this, you need to remove ‘요’ from the ‘요 form’ and add ‘주세요’ instead.

사인해 주세요.
Please give me an autograph.

‘사인하다’ is “to write an autograph.”
The ‘요 form’ is ‘사인해요.’
You remove ‘요’ from this and add ‘주세요’ instead to say ‘사인해 주세요(Please give me an autograph).’

펜을 좀 빌려주시겠어요?
Please lend me a pen for a moment.

‘빌려주다(to lend)’ has ‘주다’ in the word.
So, you need to change ‘주다’ to ‘주시겠어요?’
The sentence should be ‘빌려 주시겠어요?’ You can also say ‘빌려 주세요’ for a more casual expression.

Quiz

이 색깔을 (          ).
Please change this color.

(1)바꿔 주세요 (2)바꿨어요

The answer is (1).
‘바꾸다’ is ‘to change.’
The ‘요 form’ of ‘바꾸다’ is ‘바꿔요,’ so you remove ‘요’ and add ‘주세요’ to say ‘바꿔 주세요.’

The whole sentence should be “이 색깔을 (바꿔 주세요).”

Conversation (Korean only)

Let’s listen to the conversation again only in Korean.
I am sure you will hear more Koean words and grammar than in the beginning.

그럼 확인해 보세요！

• 토미：펜을 좀 빌려주시겠어요? 제가 필통을 지하철 안에서 잃어버렸어요.
• 상민：네. 이거 쓰세요. 혹시 더 필요한 것 있으세요?
• 토미：정말 고마워요. 저는 이제 시험장으로 갈게요.
• 상민：토미 씨, 시험에는 수정 테이프도 필요해요. 제가 오늘 두 개 가져왔어요.
• 토미：그럼 수정테이프도 빌려주세요.
• 상민：네. 여기요. 시험 잘 보세요. 화이팅입니다!

Conversation Practice

It is time to practice reading it out loud.
The more you practice, the more naturally you can speak! So, let’s finish strong!

그럼 큰소리로 읽어 보세요！

• 토미：펜을 좀 빌려주시겠어요? 제가 필통을 지하철 안에서 잃어버렸어요.
  Tammy： Can you lend me a pen for a moment? I lost my pencil case in the subway.
• 상민：네. 이거 쓰세요. 혹시 더 필요한 것 있으세요?
  Sangmin： Yes. Please use this. Is there anything else you need by any chance?
• 토미：정말 고마워요. 저는 이제 시험장으로 갈게요.
  Tammy： Thank you so much. I will go to the test center now.
• 상민：토미 씨, 시험에는 수정 테이프도 필요해요. 제가 오늘 두 개 가져왔어요.
  Sangmin： Tammy, you also need a correction tape for the test. I brought two today.
• 토미：그럼 수정테이프도 빌려주세요.
  Tammy： Then, please lend me the correction tape as well.
• 상민：네. 여기요. 시험 잘 보세요. 화이팅입니다!
  Sangmin： Yes. Here you go. Good luck with your exam. I hope you get a good score!

Homework

Homework time! I will give you two homework assignments.
For the first homework assignment, please write two sentences using today’s grammar.

For the first sentence, use ‘(으)로’ to tell me about your plans for going out.

• 저는 다음 주말에 코스모스 공원으로 갈 거예요.
  I am going to Cosmos Park next weekend.

For the second sentence, use ‘아/어 주세요’ to ask for a favor of someone politely.

• 사장님, 보너스 좀 올려 주세요.
  Boss, please give me more bonus.

The second homework is memorizing vocabulary.
Please memorize 40 words from #681 to #720 on page 9 of the Elementary Vocabulary List.
You can take a vocabulary quiz for FREE on my website, so please check it out.

That’s it for today!
그럼 오늘도 행복 가득, 웃음 가득한 하루 되세요！ 한국어 화이팅, 화이팅, 화이팅！！