[Learn Korean E37] “-(으)ㄹ+noun”, “(으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 것 같다”

안녕하세요. 토미입니다！

The theme of today’s class is “꽤 맛있게 된 것 같아요 (I think it turned out pretty delicious).”

Today, let’s learn how to modify nouns with verbs in a future tense, such as ‘-(으)ㄹ+noun(that (I) will).’

Today, we have finally finished learning all the noun modifiers for past, present, and future tense verbs.

The grammar that allows you to use all three tenses is ‘(으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 것 같다(looks/sounds like/appears that).’

그럼 시작할게요.

Listen to the Conversation

The theme of today’s conversation is “꽤 맛있게 된 것 같아요 (I think it turned out pretty delicious).”
Tammy has cooked a Korean dish.

Try to guess what food she made by listening to the conversation.

그럼 들어 보세요!

• 토미：상민 씨, 지금 뭐 하세요?
  Tammy： Sangmin, what are you doing now?
• 상민：저요? 전 이제 뭘 좀 사러 나가려고요.
  Sangmin： Me? I’m going out now to buy something.
• 토미：그렇군요. 오래 걸릴 것 같아요?
  Tammy： I see. Do you think it’ll take long?
• 상민：아니요, 금방 끝날 거예요. 근데 무슨 일 있어요?
  Sangmin： No, it’ll be soon. But what’s the matter?
• 토미：제가 처음으로 감자탕을 끓여 봤어요. 꽤 맛있게 된 것 같아요. 괜찮으면 상민 씨랑 같이 먹고 싶어서요.
  Tammy： I tried making Kanjatang for the first time. I think it turned out pretty delicious. I’d like to eat it with you if you don’t mind.
• 상민：진짜요? 금방 끝내고 갈게요. 1시간 안으로 도착할 것 같으니까 근처에 가면 다시 연락할게요.
  Sangmin： Really? I’ll finish it quickly and go. I think I’ll arrive in an hour, so I’ll let you know when I’m close.

Vocabulary and Phrases

I’ll explain the vocabulary and phrases in the conversation.

• 토미：상민 씨, 지금 뭐 하세요?

‘지금’ is ‘now.’ A synonym for ‘지금’ is ‘이제.’
이제 can also be translated as ‘already/soon/from now on.’
On the other hand, ‘지금’ means ‘now.’
This is the difference between the two expressions.

• 상민：저요? 전 이제 뭘 좀 사러 나가려고요.

‘전’ is a shortened form of ‘저는(I (polite form)+the topic marker).’
Native Koreans try to shorten words as short as possible, especially in their conversation.
Speaking of shortened words, let’s learn some of them.

‘난’ is a shortened form of ‘나는(I (casual form) + the topic marker).’
‘날’ is a shortened form of ‘나를(I (casual form) +the object marker).’

Next, let’s see ‘나가다(to go out).’
Because it has ‘가다(to go)’ attached, it means ‘to go out.’
But a similar word, ‘나오다’ has ‘오다(to come)’ attached, so it means ‘to come out.’

• 토미：그렇군요. 오래 걸릴 것 같아요?

‘그렇군요(I see),’ is an expression that is often used to show sympathy or agreement.
There is also a similar expression, ‘그렇구나,’ but it is used only when you talk to your friends or people you are close to.

‘오래’ means ‘for a long time/a while.’
You can use it like “오래 기다리셨어요? (Did you wait for a long time?)”

You can also repeat ‘오래’ twice to say ‘오래오래.’
It means “forever/for a very long time.”
It can be used in a wedding message, such as “오래오래 행복하세요(I wish you stay happy forever).”

• 상민：아니요, 금방 끝날 거예요. 근데 무슨 일 있어요?

‘금방’ means ‘soon.’
A word that often gets confused with ‘금방’ is ‘방금.’
‘방금’ means ‘just now’ and refers to the past just a moment ago.
For example, “방금 버스가 지나갔어요(The bus just passed by).”
Therefore, 금방 is used for future events, whereas ‘방금’ is used for past events.

‘끝나다’ is ‘to finish.’
A similar expression is ‘끝내다,’ which means ‘to make it finish.’
The difference between these two is that ‘끝내다’ has one’s will and intention compared to ‘끝나다.’

“무슨 일 있어요?” means “What’s the matter?”
This is an expression that native Koreans often use so that you can memorize it as a phrase.

• 토미：제가 처음으로 감자탕을 끓여 봤어요. 꽤 맛있게 된 것 같아요. 괜찮으면 상민 씨랑 같이 먹고 싶어서요.

‘감자’ means a ‘potato,’ but it also refers to the meat at a pig’s backbone.
In this dish, potatoes are placed on the bottom, and the pork backbone meat is on top.

‘탕’ means a ‘soup/hot pot.’
For example, ‘삼계탕(Samgyetang),’ ‘설렁탕(Seolleongtang),’ ‘갈비탕(Galbitang),’ and other dishes with ‘탕’ are served in a stone pot.

‘끓이다’ means ‘to boil/to stew.’
Let’s learn some essential words related to cooking here.
‘볶다’ means ‘to fry,’ ‘굽다’ means ‘to grill,’ ‘튀기다’ is ‘to fry,’ ‘찌다’ is ‘to steam,’ and ‘무치다’ is ‘to marinate.’

‘꽤’ is an adverb that means ‘quite/much.’
For example, you can use it like “이 영화는 꽤 재미있어요(This movie is quite interesting).”

• 상민：진짜요? 금방 끝내고 갈게요. 1시간 안으로 도착할 것 같으니까 근처에 가면 다시 연락할게요.

‘근처’ means ‘near/neighborhood.’

‘다시’ means ‘again.’
There is another word, ‘또,’ which means ‘again.’
So ‘또 다시’ would mean ‘again, once more.’

Grammar

-(으)ㄹ

I’ll explain the grammar.
When you want to write about something that is going to happen in the future, you can add ‘(으)ㄹ’ to the stem of a verb to say ‘that (I) will.’

There are major 3 patterns for this.

1. First, you use ‘을’ when there is a final consonant, so ‘먹다(to eat)’ becomes ‘먹을.’
2. Second, when there is no final consonant, you add /ㄹ/ to the stem, so ‘가다(to go)’ becomes ‘갈.’
3. Third, when the stem finishes with the /ㄹ/ final consonant, you need to remove ‘다’ at the end, so ‘만들다(to make)’ becomes ‘만들.’

Then, let’s go over some example sentences.

Ex.1)
이것은 내가 먹을 빵이에요.
This is the bread I will eat.

Since ‘먹다’ has /ㄱ/ final consonant, ‘을’ will be added to the stem, so it becomes ‘먹을.’

Ex.2)
내일 우리가 갈 곳은 어디예요?.
Where is the place we will go tomorrow?

Since ‘가다(to go)’ does not have a final consonant, you add /ㄹ/ to make ‘갈.’

Quiz

・ 내년부터 서울에서 (         ) 예정이에요.
I plan to start working in Seoul next year.

(1)일할 (2)일하는

The answer is (1).
‘일하다(to work)’ does not have a final consonant, so you add /ㄹ/ to the stem, and it becomes ‘일할.’

The whole sentence would be “내년부터 서울에서 (일할) 예정이에요.”

-(으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 것 같다

The following grammar to learn is ‘(으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 것 같다(It sounds/looks like/ seems like).’

You use this expression to make an uncertain statement or a guess.

The conjunction, ‘(으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ’ changes depending on the tense, but the ‘‐것 같다’ is the same in all cases.

If you want to use the ‘요 form,’ you need to finish a sentence with ‘-것 같아요.’
When it comes to pronunciation, native Koreans often say ‘같애요’ as in ‘같아요.’

Today, I will go with the standard ‘것 같아요.’

We have already learned how to make noun modifiers for action verbs in past, present, and future tenses in previous lessons, so this time, I’ll briefly review how to use them with verbs with or without a final consonant.

① a verb with a final consonant.
Add ‘은‘ for past tense like ‘먹은 것 같다(It seems (someone) ate~).’
Add ‘는‘ for present tense like ‘먹는 것 같다(It seems to be eating~).’
Add ‘을‘ for future tense like ‘먹을 것 같다(It seems (someone) will eat~).’

② verbs without a final consonant.
Add /ㄴ/ for past tense, so it becomes ‘잔 것 같다(It seems (someone) slept).’
Add ‘는‘ for present tense, so it becomes ‘자는 것 같다(It seems to be sleeping).’
Add /ㄹ/ for future tense, so it becomes ‘잘 것 같다(It seems (someone) will sleep).’

Then, let’s look at a phrase in today’s conversation.

Ex.1)
그렇군요. 오래 걸릴 것 같아요?
I see. Do you think it’ll take long?

‘걸리다’ means ‘to take (time).’
This is a prediction of the future, and since ‘걸리다’ does not have a final consonant, you add /ㄹ/, and it becomes ‘걸릴 것 같아요.’

Ex.2)
꽤 맛있게 된 것 같아요.
I think it turned out pretty deliciously.

‘맛있게 되다’ means ‘to turn out deliciously.’
Here, let’s create the past tense ‘turned out delicious.’
Since ‘되다’ does not have a final consonant, you add /-ㄴ/, and it becomes ‘된 것 같아요.’

Ex.3)
1시간 안으로 도착할 것 같으니까 근처에 가면 다시 연락할게요.
I think I’ll arrive in an hour, so I’ll let you know when I’m close.

Here, ‘도착하다’ means ‘to arrive.’
Sangmin is predicting the future that he’ll arrive within an hour, so he applies ‘(으)ㄹ.’
Since ‘도착하다’ does not have a final consonant, you add /-ㄹ/ to the stem, and it becomes ‘도착할 것 같으니까.’
Here, instead of finishing the sentence with ‘같아요,’ it’s connected with ‘(으)니까,’ which indicates the reason.
As you can see, ‘-것 같다’ can be used at the end of a sentence and in the middle of a sentence.

Quiz

① 내일은 비가 (         ) 우산을 챙겨 가요.
It seems like it’ll rain tomorrow, so take an umbrella.

(1)오니까 (2)올 것 같으니까

The answer is (2).
‘비가 오다’ is ‘to rain.’
“It’ll rain tomorrow” is guessing the future, and since ‘비가 오다’ does not have a final consonant, you add /-ㄹ/ to the stem, so it becomes ‘비가 올 것 같다.’
You can also use ‘-니까(since/because-)’ to express the reason like ‘비가 올 것 같으니까.’

The full sentence will be “내일은 비가 (올 것 같으니까) 우산을 챙겨 가요.”

Conversation (Korean only)

Let’s listen to the conversation again, but this time without English subtitles.
You should be able to understand it much better than in the beginning.

그럼 확인해 보세요.

• 토미：상민 씨, 지금 뭐 하세요?
• 상민：저요? 전 이제 뭘 좀 사러 나가려고요.
• 토미：그렇군요. 오래 걸릴 것 같아요?
• 상민：아니요, 금방 끝날 거예요. 근데 무슨 일 있어요?
• 토미：제가 처음으로 감자탕을 끓여 봤어요. 꽤 맛있게 된 것 같아요. 괜찮으면 상민 씨랑 같이 먹고 싶어서요.
• 상민：진짜요? 금방 끝내고 갈게요. 1시간 안으로 도착할 것 같으니까 근처에 가면 다시 연락할게요.

Conversation Practice

• 토미：상민 씨, 지금 뭐 하세요?
  Tammy： Sangmin, what are you doing now?
• 상민：저요? 전 이제 뭘 좀 사러 나가려고요.
  Sangmin： Me? I’m going out now to buy something.
• 토미：그렇군요. 오래 걸릴 것 같아요?
  Tammy： I see. Do you think it’ll take long?
• 상민：아니요, 금방 끝날 거예요. 근데 무슨 일 있어요?
  Sangmin： No, it’ll be soon. But what’s the matter?
• 토미：제가 처음으로 감자탕을 끓여 봤어요. 꽤 맛있게 된 것 같아요. 괜찮으면 상민 씨랑 같이 먹고 싶어서요.
  Tammy： I tried making Kanjatang for the first time. I think it turned out pretty delicious. I’d like to eat it with you if you don’t mind.
• 상민：진짜요? 금방 끝내고 갈게요. 1시간 안으로 도착할 것 같으니까 근처에 가면 다시 연락할게요.
  Sangmin： Really? I’ll finish it quickly and go. I think I’ll arrive in an hour, so I’ll let you know when I’m close.

Homework

Please use ‘(으)ㄹ 것 같다’ to guess what your friend or family member will likely do in the future.
For example, I can say

• 우리 오빠는 다음 달에 결혼할 것 같아요.
  My brother seems to be getting married next month.

The second homework is memorizing vocabulary.
Please memorize 40 words from #1081 to #1120 on page 14 of the Elementary Vocabulary List.

That’s it for today!
그럼 오늘도 행복 가득, 웃음 가득한 하루 되세요！ 한국어 화이팅, 화이팅, 화이팅！！