[Learn Korean E37] “-(으)ㄹ+noun”, “(으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 것 같다”

안녕하세요. 토미입니다！

The theme of today’s class is【꽤 맛있게 된 것 같아요】“I think it turned out pretty delicious.”

Today, let’s learn how to modify nouns with verbs in a future tense such as -(으)ㄹ+noun, “that (I) will.”

And by today, we have finally finished learning all the noun modifiers for verbs of past, present, and future tenses.

The grammar that allows you to use all three tenses is (으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 것 같다 “looks/sounds like/appears that.”

그럼 시작할게요.

Listen to the Conversation

The theme of today’s conversation is【꽤 맛있게 된 것 같아요】“I think it turned out pretty delicious.”
It seems that Tammy has cooked a Korean dish.

Please try to guess what kind of food she made by listening to the conversation.

그럼 들어 보세요!

• 토미：상민 씨, 지금 뭐 하세요?
  Tammy：Sangmin, what are you doing now?
• 상민：저요? 전 이제 뭘 좀 사러 나가려고요.
  Sangmin：Me? I’m going out now to buy something.
• 토미：그렇군요. 오래 걸릴 것 같아요?
  Tammy：I see. Do you think it’ll take long?
• 상민：아니요, 금방 끝날 거예요. 근데 무슨 일 있어요?
  Sangmin：No, it’ll be soon. But what’s the matter?
• 토미：제가 처음으로 감자탕을 끓여 봤어요. 꽤 맛있게 된 것 같아요. 괜찮으면 상민 씨랑 같이 먹고 싶어서요.
  Tammy：I tried making Kanjatang for the first time. I think it turned out pretty delicious. If you don’t mind, I’d like to eat it with you.
• 상민：진짜요? 금방 끝내고 갈게요. 1시간 안으로 도착할 것 같으니까 근처에 가면 다시 연락할게요.
  Sangmin：Really? I’ll finish it quickly and go. I think I’ll arrive in an hour, so I’ll let you know when I’m close.

Vocabulary and Phrases

I’ll explain the vocabulary and phrases in the conversation.

• 토미：상민 씨, 지금 뭐 하세요?

지금 is “now.” A synonym for 지금 is 이제.
이제 can also be translated as “already/soon/from now on.”
On the other hand, 지금 means “now.”
This is the difference between the two expressions.

• 상민：저요? 전 이제 뭘 좀 사러 나가려고요.

전 is a shortened form of 저는 “I (polite form)+the topic marker.”
Native Koreans try to shorten words as short as possible, especially in their conversation.
Speaking of shortened words, let’s learn some of them.

난 is a shortened form of 나는 “I (casual form) + the topic marker.”
날 is a shortened form of 나를 “I (casual form) +the object marker.”

Next, let’s see 나가다 “to go out.”
Because it has 가다 “to go” attached, it means “to go out.”
But a similar word 나오다 has 오다 “to come” attached, so it means “to come out.”

• 토미：그렇군요. 오래 걸릴 것 같아요?

그렇군요 “I see” is an expression that is often used to show a sympathy or an agreement.
There is also a similar expression 그렇구나, but it is used only when you talk to your friends or people you are close to.

오래 means “for a long time/a while.”
You can use it like 오래 기다리셨어요? “Did you wait for a long time?”

You can also repeat 오래 twice to say 오래오래.
It means “forever/for a very long time.”
It can be used in a wedding message like, 오래오래 행복하세요 “I wish you stay happy forever.”

• 상민：아니요, 금방 끝날 거예요. 근데 무슨 일 있어요?

금방 means “soon.”
A word that often gets confused with 금방 is 방금.
방금 means “just now” and it refers to the past just a moment ago.
For example, 방금 버스가 지나갔어요 “The bus just passed by.”
So, 금방 is used for future events whereas 방금 is used for past events.

끝나다 is “to finish.”
A similar expression is 끝내다, which means “to make it finish.”
The difference between these two is that 끝내다 has one’s will and intention compared to 끝나다.

무슨 일 있어요? means “What’s the matter?”
This is an expression that native Koreans often use, so you can memorize it as a phrase.

• 토미：제가 처음으로 감자탕을 끓여 봤어요. 꽤 맛있게 된 것 같아요. 괜찮으면 상민 씨랑 같이 먹고 싶어서요.

감자 means a “potato,” but it also refers to the meat at the backbone of a pig.
In this dish, potatoes are placed on the bottom and the pork backbone meat on top of it.

탕 means a “soup/hot pot.”
For example, 삼계탕 “Samgyetang,” 설렁탕 “Seolleongtang,” 갈비탕 “Galbitang,” and other dishes with 탕 are served in a stone pot.

끓이다 means “to boil/to stew.”
Let’s learn some basic words related to cooking here.
볶다 means “to fry,” 굽다 means “to grill,” 튀기다 is “to fry,” 찌다 is “to steam,” and 무치다 is “to marinate.”

꽤 is an adverb that means “quite/much.”
For example, you can use it like 이 영화는 꽤 재미있어요 “This movie is quite interesting.”

• 상민：진짜요? 금방 끝내고 갈게요. 1시간 안으로 도착할 것 같으니까 근처에 가면 다시 연락할게요.

근처 means “near/neighborhood.”

다시 means “again.”
There is another word 또 which also means “again.”
So 또 다시 would mean “again, once more.”

Grammar

-(으)ㄹ

I’ll explain the grammar.
When you want to write about something that is going to happen in the future, you can add (으)ㄹ to the stem of a verb to say “that (I) will.”

There are major 3 patterns for this.

1. First, you use 을 when there is a final consonant, so 먹다 “to eat” becomes 먹을.
2. Second, when there is no final consonant, you add ㄹ to the stem, so 가다 “to go” becomes 갈.
3. Third, when the stem finishes with ㄹ final consonant, you just need to remove 다 at the end, so 만들다 “to make” becomes 만들.

Then, let’s go over some example sentences.

Ex.1)
이것은 내가 먹을 빵이에요.
This is the bread I will eat.

Since 먹다 has ㄱ final consonant, 을 will be added to the stem, so it becomes 먹을.

Ex.2)
내일 우리가 갈 곳은 어디예요?.
Where is the place we will go tomorrow?

Since 가다 “to go” does not have a final consonant, you add ㄹ to make 갈.

Quiz

・ 내년부터 서울에서 (     ) 예정이에요.
I have a plan that I will start working in Seoul next year.

(1)일할 (2)일하는

The answer is (1).
일하다 “to work” does not have a final consonant, so you add ㄹ to the stem and it becomes 일할.

The whole sentence would be 내년부터 서울에서 (일할) 예정이에요.

-(으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 것 같다

The next grammar to learn is (으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 것 같다 “It sounds/looks like/ seems like.”

You use this expression to make an uncertain statement or a guess.

The conjunction, (으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ changes depending on the tense, but the ‐것 같다 is the same in all cases.

If you want to use the 요 form, you need to finish a sentence with -것 같아요.
When it comes to pronunciation, native Koreans often say 같애요 as in 같아요.

Today, I will go with the standard 것 같아요.

We have already learned how to make noun modifiers for action verbs in past, present, and future tenses in previous lessons, so this time I’ll just briefly review how to use them with verbs with or without a final consonant.

① a verb with a final consonant.
Add 은 for past tense like 먹은 것 같다. “It seems (someone) ate~.”
Add 는 for present tense like 먹는 것 같다. “It seems to be eating~.”
Add 을 for future tense like 먹을 것 같다. “It seems (someone) will eat~.”

② verbs without a final consonant.
Add ㄴ for past tense, so it becomes 잔 것 같다. “It seems (someone) slept.”
Add 는 for present tense, so it becomes 자는 것 같다. “It seems to be sleeping.”
Add ㄹ for future tense, so it becomes 잘 것 같다. “It seems (someone) will sleep.”

Then, let’s look at a phrase in today’s conversation.

Ex.1)
그렇군요. 오래 걸릴 것 같아요?
I see. Do you think it’ll take long?

걸리다 means “to take (time).”
This is prediction of the future, and since 걸리다 does not have a final consonant, you add ㄹ and it becomes 걸릴 것 같아요.

Ex.2)
꽤 맛있게 된 것 같아요.
I think it turned out pretty deliciously.

맛있게 되다 means “to turn out deliciously.”
Here, let’s create the past tense “turned out delicious.”
Since 되다 does not have a final consonant, you add -ㄴ and it becomes 된 것 같아요.

Ex.3)
1시간 안으로 도착할 것 같으니까 근처에 가면 다시 연락할게요.
I think I’ll arrive in an hour, so I’ll let you know when I’m close.

Here, 도착하다 means “to arrive.”
Sangmin is predicting the future that he’ll arrive within an hour, so he applies (으)ㄹ.
Since 도착하다 does not have a final consonant, you add -ㄹ to the stem and it becomes 도착할 것 같으니까.
Here, instead of finishing the sentence with 같아요, it’s connected with (으)니까, which indicates the reason.
As you can see, -것 같다 can be used not only at the end of a sentence, but also in the middle of a sentence.

Quiz

① 내일은 비가 (     ) 우산을 챙겨 가요.
It seems like it’ll rain tomorrow, so take an umbrella with you.

(1)오니까 (2)올 것 같으니까

The answer is (2).
비가 오다 is “to rain.”
“It’ll rain tomorrow” is guessing the future, and since 비가 오다 does not have a final consonant, you add -ㄹ to the stem, so it becomes 비가 올 것 같다.
You can also use -니까 “since/because-” to express the reason like 비가 올 것 같으니까.

The full sentence will be 내일은 비가 (올 것 같으니까) 우산을 챙겨 가요.

Conversation (Korean only)

Let’s listen to the conversation once again, but this time without English subtitles.
You should be able to understand it much better than in the beginning.

그럼 확인해 보세요.

• 토미：상민 씨, 지금 뭐 하세요?
• 상민：저요? 전 이제 뭘 좀 사러 나가려고요.
• 토미：그렇군요. 오래 걸릴 것 같아요?
• 상민：아니요, 금방 끝날 거예요. 근데 무슨 일 있어요?
• 토미：제가 처음으로 감자탕을 끓여 봤어요. 꽤 맛있게 된 것 같아요. 괜찮으면 상민 씨랑 같이 먹고 싶어서요.
• 상민：진짜요? 금방 끝내고 갈게요. 1시간 안으로 도착할 것 같으니까 근처에 가면 다시 연락할게요.

Conversation Practice

• 토미：상민 씨, 지금 뭐 하세요?
  Tammy：Sangmin, what are you doing now?
• 상민：저요? 전 이제 뭘 좀 사러 나가려고요.
  Sangmin：Me? I’m going out now to buy something.
• 토미：그렇군요. 오래 걸릴 것 같아요?
  Tammy：I see. Do you think it’ll take long?
• 상민：아니요, 금방 끝날 거예요. 근데 무슨 일 있어요?
  Sangmin：No, it’ll be soon. But what’s the matter?
• 토미：제가 처음으로 감자탕을 끓여 봤어요. 꽤 맛있게 된 것 같아요. 괜찮으면 상민 씨랑 같이 먹고 싶어서요.
  Tammy：I tried making Kanjatang for the first time. I think it turned out pretty delicious. If you don’t mind, I’d like to eat it with you.
• 상민：진짜요? 금방 끝내고 갈게요. 1시간 안으로 도착할 것 같으니까 근처에 가면 다시 연락할게요.
  Sangmin：Really? I’ll finish it quickly and go. I think I’ll arrive in an hour, so I’ll let you know when I’m close.

Homework

Please use (으)ㄹ 것 같다 to guess what your friend or family member will likely do in the future.
For example, I can say

• 우리 오빠는 다음 달에 결혼할 것 같아요.
  My brother seems to get married next month.

The second homework is memorizing vocabulary.
Please memorize 40 words from #1081 to #1120 on page 14 of the Elementary Vocabulary List.

That’s it for today!
그럼 오늘도 행복 가득, 웃음 가득한 하루 되세요！ 한국어 화이팅, 화이팅, 화이팅！！