안녕하세요. 토미입니다.
Let’s have fun learning Korean today!
The grammatical rules for today are,
① -길래, “since ~”
② -(ㄴ)다길래, “because it is said ~”
③ -(ㄴ)다기에, “because it is said ~”
Once you learn today’s grammar, you will be able to tell someone what action you took based on what you heard from someone else, such as,
친구들이 그 배우가 너무 매력적이다길래 팬미팅에 한번 갔다 왔어요.
Because my friend said that the actor was very attractive, I went to a fan meeting just once.
Wow! Let’s master a more advanced version of indirect speech like this sentence and become a master of Korean!
I am sure you will be able to speak Korean fluently!
그럼 시작할게요！
-길래
Verbs • Adjective + 길래
Nouns(without a final consonant) +길래
Nouns(with a final consonant) + 이길래
[Past tense]Verbs + 았/었길래
The first grammar, -길래, means “since, so, because.”
Using this grammar indicates that you took the following action based on the previous content.
In addition, this is a colloquial expression.
When you use -길래, “since,” in a declarative sentence, the subjects of the preceding and following clauses are different.
Usually, it is common to have the second or third person in the preceding clause and the following clause in the first person, “I.”
For example,
아이가 계속 자고 있길래 내가 깨웠어요.
The child was still sleeping, so I woke him up.
In this case, 아이 the “child” is the third person, and 내가 “I” is the first person.
Do you understand this?
Then, let’s move on.
You use this grammar for a verb or an adjective.
You add -길래 regardless of a final consonant. Oh, that’s quite simple.
Next, you add -(이)길래 to a noun. Then, let’s read a sample sentence that claims “what I did.”
Verbs: Example 1
친구가 동영상 강의를 신청하길래 저도 따라 신청했어요.
Since my friend signed up for a video lecture, I signed up, too.
Since 신청하다 “to sign up” is a verb, you add -길래 to make 신청하길래, “since (my friend) signed up.”
As you can see, the first clause “친구가 동영상 강의를 신청하길래” is talking about his friend, who is the third person.
And for the second clause, “저도 따라 신청했어요” you can see the first person, “I.”
Crystal clear?
Let’s read the following sample sentence.
Adjectives: Example 2
날씨가 흐리길래 우산을 가지고 갔어요.
Since it was cloudy, I brought my umbrella.
Here, since 흐리다, “to be cloudy” is an adjective, you add -길래 to make 흐리길래, “since it was cloudy.”
When you look at the sentence structure, the subject of the first clause is “it,” which is categorized in the third person.
And the subject of the second clause is “I,” the first person.
In Korean, the subject “I” is often omitted, but you can understand that “I” took action.
That’s why it is using -길래. Do you get it?
Let’s read the following sample sentence.
Nouns: Example 3
처음 보는 과자길래 한번 사서 먹어봤어요.
Since I saw that snack for the first time, I bought and tried it.
Since 과자, “snack” is a noun, and it does not have a final consonant, you add -길래 to make 과자길래, “since (I saw) that snack.”
Here, if you look at the sentence structure, it indicates that “I” bought and ate a new snack I hadn’t seen before.
Past tense: Example 4
어젠 멀리 사는 친구가 오랜만에 놀러 왔길래 치킨이며 피자며 많이 시켜 먹었어요.
Yesterday, a friend who lives far away came to visit for the first time, so I ordered a lot of chicken and pizza.
Since 오다, “come” is a verb, so you add 았길래 to make 왔길래 “since he came.”
Quiz
Then, let’s deepen our understanding with some quizzes.
Which one is the correct answer?
1. 간이 좀 ( ) 소금을 더 넣었다.
Since the flavor was subtle, I added more salt.
(1)짜길래 (2) 싱겁길래
The correct answer is number two.
Since 싱겁다, “to be subtle” is an adjective, you add -길래 to make 싱겁길래 “since the flavor was subtle.”
Number one is wrong because 짜다 means “to be salty.”
Now, let’s read the sentence together!
간이 좀 ( 싱겁길래 ) 소금을 더 넣었다.
Please practice this sentence until you can read it fluently.
Now, let’s try the following quiz!
2.열이 ( ) 바로 약을 먹었어요.
Since I got a fever, I took medicine immediately.
(1)나오길래 (2) 나길래
The correct answer is number two.
나다 in 열이 나다 is “to have a fever.”
You add -길래 to make 나길래 “Since I got a fever.”
Number one is wrong, but close!!
나오다 means “to come out.” It has a different meaning
Now, let’s read the sentence together!
열이 (나길래) 바로 약을 먹었어요.
Since I got a fever, I took medicine immediately.
Please read this sentence until you can talk to your friend.
‐(ㄴ/는)다길래
Verbs(without a final consonant) + ㄴ다길래
Verbs(with a final consonant) + 는다길래
Adjectives + 다길래
Nouns(without a final consonant) + 라길래
Nouns(with a final consonant) + 이라길래
The second grammar, -(ㄴ/는)다길래 means, “because it is said ~, because (people in general) said ~.”
This expression indicates what you heard from someone else as the reason or basis of your action.
In other words, you can express that “I” did something based on what I heard.
Like the first grammar, -길래, this is also a colloquial expression.
And the subject that follows this word is also mainly the first-person pronoun, “I.”
Let’s learn the usage of verbs, adjectives, and nouns.
For verbs, you add -ㄴ다길래 if a verb does not have a final consonant.
For example, 가다 “to go” does not have a final consonant.
So, you add -ㄴ다길래 to make 간다길래 “since (he) said (he) would go.”
And you add -는다길래 if a verb has a final consonant.
For example, 먹다 “to eat” has a final consonant.
So, you add 는다길래 to make 먹는다길래 “since (he) said (he) would eat.”
Next, for adjectives, you add -다길래 regardless of a final consonant. Wow!! Easy Breezy!
Finally, for nouns, you add -(이)라길래.
Now, let’s read a sample sentence.
Verbs: Example 1
마침 친구도 내일 쉰다길래 같이 바다에 놀러 가기로 했다.
Since my friend said she would take a day off, we decided to go to the beach together.
Here, 쉬다 is “to take a day off.”
This is a verb that does not have a final consonant.
So, you add -ㄴ다길래 to make 쉰다길래, “since (my friend) said that (she) would take a day off.”
Additionally, as you look at the sentence structure, it shows that “I” is the one who took an action based on what he heard from his friend.
Then, let’s read the following sample sentence.
Adjectives: Example 2
아이들이 덥다길래 에어컨을 켰다.
Since my children said it was hot, I turned on the AC.
Here, since 덥다, “to be hot” is an adjective, you add -다길래 to make 덥다길래, “since (my children) said that it was hot.”
This sentence indicates that “I” acted to turn on the AC because my children, the third-person pronoun, said that it was “hot.”
Can you see the structure?
Let’s read the following sample sentence.
Nouns: Example 3
내 옆에 앉은 사람이 의사라길래 도움을 청했어요.
Since the person beside me said he was a doctor, I asked for help.
Here, since 의사, a “doctor” is a noun that does not have a final consonant, you add -라길래 to make 의사라길래, “since (the person) said that (he) was a doctor.”
Quiz
Then, let’s deepen our understanding with some quizzes.
Which one is the correct answer?
1. 그 가게는 불고기로 ( ) 한번 가 봤다.
Since it is said that the restaurant is famous for Bulgogi, I tried it once.
(1)유명한다길래 (2) 유명하다길래
The correct answer is number two.
유명하다 means “to be famous,” and it is an adjective.
Therefore, you add -다길래 to make 유명하다길래, “since it is said that (that restaurant is famous).”
Number one is wrong because 유명한다길래 is grammatically incorrect.
Now, let’s read the sentence together!
그 가게는 불고기로 (유명하다길래) 한번 가 봤다.
Please practice this sentence until it flows naturally.
Then, let’s try the following quiz!
2. 친구가 볼링을 잘 ( ) 다음에 가르쳐 달라고 부탁했어요.
Since my friend said he was good at bowling, I asked him to teach me sometime.
(1)친다길래 (2)치길래
The correct answer is number one.
볼링을 치다 means “to play bowling.”
Since 치다 “to hit” is a verb without a final consonant, you add -ㄴ다길래 to make 친다길래 “(my friend) said that (he) was playing.”
Additionally, remember that you use 치다, “to hit.” for sports in which you use balls, such as bowling, tennis, and table tennis.
Now, let’s read the sentence together!
친구가 볼링을 잘 (친다길래) 다음에 가르쳐 달라고 부탁했어요.
Please practice this sentence until it flows naturally.
-(ㄴ/는)다기에
Verbs(without a final consonant ) + ㄴ다기에
Verbs(with a final consonant ) + 다기에
Adjectives + 다기에
Nouns(without a final consonant) + 라기에
Nouns(with a final consonant) + 이라기에
Last but not least, we are going to learn -(ㄴ/는)다기에 “because (it is) said ~, because (people) said ~.”
You can replace -(ㄴ/는)다길래 with -(ㄴ)다기에. They both have the same meaning.
However, -(ㄴ)다길래 is a colloquial expression while -(ㄴ)다기에 is a more written expression.
-(ㄴ)다기에 means, “because it is said that ~,” and you add this grammar to verbs and adjectives.
You add -(이)라기에 to nouns.
Since its usage is the same as -(ㄴ)다길래, which you previously learned, I will go ahead and apply this rule in sample sentences.
Verbs: Example 1
여동생이 오늘 집으로 놀러 온다기에 내가 그러라고 했다.
Since my sister said she would come today, I said do whatever you want.
Here, since 오다, “to come” is a verb without a final consonant, you add -ㄴ다기에 to make 온다기에, “since (my sister) said that (she) would come.”
Let’s read the following sample sentence.
Adjectives: Example 2
조카가 곰인형을 갖고 싶다기에 내가 하나 사 줬어요.
I bought her one since my niece said she wanted a teddy bear.
Since 갖고 싶다, “want” is an adjective, you add -다기에 to make 갖고 싶다기에, “since (my niece) said that (she) wanted.”
Additionally, in Korean, we call stuffed animals ○○(something) 인형.
인형 means a “doll.” But Korean people somehow use an animal’s name and 인형 together to mean a “stuffed animal.”
For example, a teddy bear will be 곰인형, and a stuffed lion will be 사자인형.
Now, let’s read our last sample sentence!
Nouns: Example 3
그 사람이 한국 사람이라기에 한국말로 길을 안내해 드렸다.
Since that person said he was Korean, I gave directions in Korean.
Since 한국 사람, “Korean” is a noun with a final consonant, you add -이라기에 to make 한국 사람이라기에, “since (he) said that (he) was a Korean.”
Quiz
Then, let’s deepen our understanding with some quizzes.
Which one is the correct answer?
1. 동료가 일이 ( ) 조금 도와줬다.
Since my colleague said he had a lot of work to do, I helped him a little.
(1)많다기에 (2)많는다기에
The correct answer is number one.
많다 is “to be many.”
You add -다기에 to make 많다기에 “since (my colleague) said (he) had a lot of work.”
Number two is wrong because you add 는다기에 for only verbs.
많다 is an adjective, so you add 다기에 to the stem.
Now, let’s read the sentence together!
동료가 일이 (많다기에) 조금 도와줬다.
Please practice until it flows naturally.
Now, let’s try the last quiz for today!
2. 이번에 개봉한 영화가 ( ) 엄마하고 같이 보러 갔어요.
Since people said the movie was entertaining, I saw it with my mother.
(1)재미있다기에 (2) 재미있기에
The correct answer is number one.
재미있다, “to be entertaining” is an adjective.
Therefore, you add -다기에 to make 재미있다기에 “(people) said (the movie) was entertaining.”
Now, let’s read this sentence again with more excitement.
이번에 개봉한 영화가 (재미있다기에) 엄마하고 같이 보러 갔어요.
Please practice this sentence to the point where you can tell this to your friend.
Homework
Now, I will announce the homework for today!
But before the homework, I will read you a poem I made.
You can spot today’s grammar.
사랑이 무엇이길래 나는 울고 있나요
What is love that makes me cry?
Did you spot “사랑이 무엇이길래”?
Like this sentence, when you use “길래” with an interrogative word such as 무엇 “what,” it becomes “What makes you V…?”
Now, come on, homework!
There are two parts to this homework.
For the first part, please make three sentences using the grammar you learned today.
① Please use -길래 “since, so, because.”
For example,
- 문제가 너무 어렵길래 선생님한테 물어봤어요.
Since the problem was complicated, I asked my teacher.
② Please use -(ㄴ)다길래 “because it is said ~.”
For example,
- 그 칼국수 집이 맛있다길래 친구하고 주말에 가기로 했어요.
Since it is said that the Kalgooksoo restaurant is good, I decided to go there with a friend.
③ Please use -(ㄴ)다기에 “because it is said ~.”
For example,
- 아이가 오므라이스를 먹고 싶다기에 만들었습니다.
Since my child said he wanted Omurice, I made it for him.
I look forward to reading your creative sentences using the grammar you learned today!
The second homework is to memorize new words.
Please memorize the forty words from number 1121 to number 1160 on page 15 of the intermediate vocabulary list.
My website has a vocabulary quiz of forty words, so feel free to test yourself.
The link is in the description box.
The homework and memorizing words may feel like an uphill task!
It requires steady efforts, but you will be surprised how much you have accomplished and how much you can catch on to the use of these words and sentences!
Let’s strive for the goal together!
그럼 오늘도 행복 가득, 웃음 가득한 하루 되세요！
한국어 화이팅, 화이팅, 화이팅！！
Vocabulary Test : 40 Questions
