[Learn Korean E17] “~고 있어요” (present progressive tense)，”(이)랑”

안녕하세요． 토미입니다．

Let’s have fun learning a beautiful language, Korean today!
I’ve been so excited to teach you guys!

The title of today’s class is

친구들이랑 춤을 배우고 있어요.
“I am learning dance with my friends.”

In today’s class, we will learn the present progressive tense [-하고 있어요.], and [(이)랑] “with or and.”

After today’s class, you will be able to say what you are learning for your hobby or what you are currently doing.

Also, do you remember [과/와] and [하고], which mean “with/and” ?
You remember them, right?

I will explain in detail what the difference is between them.

In order to pass TOPIK 1, you should know all of these.

So, let’s do our best today, imagining ourselves speaking Korean fluently and becoming the super master of Korean!

그럼 시작할게요！

Listen to the Conversation

The title of today’s conversation is 【친구들이랑 춤을 배우고 있어요.】”I am learning dance with my friends.”

Tammy seems to be really into dancing these days.
What kind of dance is she practicing?
Let’s first listen to it with the English subtitles.

그럼 들어 보세요!

• 상민：토미 씨는 요즘 뭐 하고 지내요?
  Sangmin：What do you do to spend your time these days, Tammy?
• 토미：저는 댄스학원에서 친구들이랑 춤을 배우고 있어요.
  Tammy：I am learning dance with my friends in a dance school.
• 상민：어떤 춤이에요?
  Sangmin：What kind of dance?
• 토미：재즈랑 힙합을 연습하고 있어요.
  Tammy：I am practicing jazz and hip-hop.
• 상민：와우! 정말 멋져요! 토미 씨는 활발하네요.
  Sangmin：Wow! That’s really cool. You are very active, aren’t you?

Vocabulary and Phrases

Next, I will explain the vocabularies and phrases in the conversation.

• 상민：토미 씨는 요즘 뭐 하고 지내요?

The original form of [지내요] is [지내다], which means “to spend (time).”
For example, [요즘 잘 지내세요?] “How are you?” is a common expression in greetings.
Then, the person who is asked replies [네, 잘 지내요./네, 잘 지내고 있어요] “Yes, I am doing well.”

• 토미：저는 댄스학원에서 친구들이랑 춤을 배우고 있어요.

[댄스학원] means “dance school.”
Here, [학원] is like a study school or a private tutoring school.

[춤] is a native Korean word for “dance.”
[춤추다] is a verb that means “to dance.”
The original form of [배우고 있어요] is [배우다], which means “to learn.”
In opposite, if you say [가르치다], it means “to teach.”

• 상민：어떤 춤이에요?　
  Sangmin：What kind of dance?

[어떤] means “what kind of.”
So you can use it in question forms like [어떤 옷이에요?] “What kind of clothes?” or [어떤 모자예요?] “What kind of hat?”

• 토미：재즈랑 힙합을 연습하고 있어요.
  Tammy：I am practicing jazz and hip-hop.

[재즈] is “Jazz” and [힙합] is “Hip-hop.”
By the way, [랩] means “rap.”

The original form of [연습하고 있어요] is [연습하다], which means “to practice.”
In Korea, people who are not yet ready to debut as professional singers or dancers are often called [연습생], which means “trainee” in English.

• 상민：와우! 정말 멋져요! 토미 씨는 활발하네요.
  Sangmin：Wow! That’s really cool. You are very active, aren’t you?

[멋져요] means “cool”, and the original form is [멋지다].
When you say [멋진 사람], it means “a cool person.”

[활발하다] means “active.”
A synonym is [활기가 넘치다] ,which means “lively.”

Grammar

Noun +(이)랑

The first one is [(이)랑].
You can use this for nouns, meaning “with or and” depending on a situation.
Here, I will explain two patterns to use [(이)랑].

You use [이랑] for nouns with a final consonant, and you use [랑] for nouns without a final consonant.
Let’s take a look at nouns with a final consonant first.

I will read an example sentence.

A noun with a final consonant + 이랑

친구들이랑 춤을 배우고 있어요.
I am learning dance with my friends.

Here, [친구들] has a final consonant, so you add [이랑] and it becomes [친구들이랑].

Let’s look at some other examples.

저는 가방이랑 모자를 삽니다.
I buy a bag and a hat.

Here, [가방] has a final consonant, so you add [이랑] and it becomes [가방이랑].

A noun without a final consonant + 랑

Next, let’s take a look at nouns without a final consonant.
I will give you some example sentences.

상민 씨랑 영화를 봐요.
I watch a movie with Sangmin.

Here, [상민 씨] does not have a final consonant, so you add [랑] and it becomes [상민 씨랑].

Another easy-to-understand example would be [너랑 나랑] “you and I.”
It’s an expression that sounds like a lyric, isn’t it?

Both [너] and [나] do not have a final consonant, so you use [랑] and it becomes [너랑 나랑].

Quiz

① [밥 먹고 강아지（   ） 산책해요.]
I eat dinner and take a walk with the dog.

(1)이랑 (2)랑

The answer is (2), [랑], because [강아지] does not have a final consonant, so it becomes [강아지랑].
The whole sentence would be [밥 먹고 강아지랑 산책해요.]

② [저는 비빔밥（   ）미역국을 먹어요.]
I eat bibimbap with seaweed soup.

(1)이랑 (2)랑

The answer is (1), [이랑].
As [비빔밥] has a final consonant, you add [이랑] and it becomes [비빔밥이랑].
Together you’ll read it as [저는 비빔밥이랑 미역국을 먹어요.]

About the difference between [하고, (이)랑, 과/와]

You have now learned the three expressions, [하고], [(이)랑] and [과/와], which all mean “with or and.”

Stem + 고 있어요 ~ing

Now, let’s learn the second grammar, present progressive tense: [고 있어요] “~ing.”

All you have to do is to add [고 있어요] after the stem.
This will be straightforward and simple.

Now, let’s look at the examples.

저는 댄스학원에서 친구들이랑 춤을 배우고 있어요.
I am learning dance with my friends in a dance school.

Here, the original form of “to learn” is [배우다], so you add [고 있어요] and it becomes [배우고 있어요.], which means “I am learning.”

Let’s take a look at the next example.

재즈랑 힙합을 연습하고 있어요.
I am practicing jazz and hip-hop.

Here, you add [고 있어요] after the stem of [연습하다] and it becomes [연습하고 있어요] “I am practicing.”

The difference between the particles [하고] and [하고 있어요].

Then, how do you distinguish [하고] “with/and” from [하고 있어요.] “~ing?”

It depends on whether there is a noun in front of [하고] or whether [하고] is being used as a verb.

For example, [저는 지금 토미하고 공부하고 있어요.] has the noun “Tammy” in front of the first [하고], so in this case ,it would be “with Tammy.”

Quiz

① [한국어를 계속 (            ).]
I am keep studying Korean.

(1)공부하고 있어요. (2) 공부 있어요.

The answer is (1).
[공부하다] is “to study.” You just need to add [고 있어요] at the stem.
So the answer will be [한국어를 계속 공부하고 있어요].

② [눈을(            ).]
I am closing my eyes.

(1)감다 있어요 (2)감고 있어요

The answer is (2).
[감다] is “to close one’s eyes.”
So, you just need to add [고 있어요] in the stem and it becomes [눈을 감고 있어요].

Conversation (Korean only)

Now, let’s listen to the conversation again but this time only in Korean.
You should be able to understand it much better than the beginning.
그럼 확인해 보세요!

• 상민：토미 씨는 요즘 뭐 하고 지내요?
• 토미：저는 댄스학원에서 친구들이랑 춤을 배우고 있어요.
• 상민：어떤 춤이에요?
• 토미：재즈랑 힙합을 연습하고 있어요.
• 상민：와우! 정말 멋져요! 토미 씨는 활발하네요.

Conversation Practice

Now, let’s practice reading it aloud.
그럼 큰소리로 읽어 보세요!

• 상민：토미 씨는 요즘 뭐 하고 지내요?
  Sangmin：What do you do to spend your time these days, Tammy?
• 토미：저는 댄스학원에서 친구들이랑 춤을 배우고 있어요.
  Tammy：I am learning dance with my friends in a dance school.
• 상민：어떤 춤이에요?
  Sangmin：What kind of dance?
• 토미：재즈랑 힙합을 연습하고 있어요.
  Tammy：I am practicing jazz and hip-hop.
• 상민：와우! 정말 멋져요! 토미 씨는 활발하네요.
  Sangmin：Wow! That’s really cool. You are very active, aren’t you?

Homework

For the first homework, let’s use the present progressive tense [고 있어요] (ing) and [(이) 랑] “with/and” to express who is doing what.

For example, I would write like this.

• 저는 학생들이랑 한국 드라마를 보고 있어요.
  I am watching Korean drama with my students.

The second homework is memorizing vocabulary.
Please, memorize 40 words from No. 281 to 320 on page 4 of the beginner’s word list.
At the end of this page, you can take this 40-word quiz, so after you memorize 40 words, please challenge yourself!

I’m really looking forward to seeing you again in the next class.

그럼 오도 행복 가득， 웃음 가득한 하루 되세요！ 한국어 화이팅， 화이팅， 화이팅！！