์๋ ํ์ธ์. ํ ๋ฏธ์ ๋๋ค๏ผ
The theme of todayโs class isใ๊ฝค ๋ง์๊ฒ ๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ใโI think it turned out pretty delicious.โ
Today, letโs learn how to modify nouns with verbs in a future tense such as -(์ผ)ใน+noun, โthat (I) will.โ
And by today, we have finally finished learning all the noun modifiers for verbs of past, present, and future tenses.
The grammar that allows you to use all three tenses is (์ผ)ใด/๋/(์ผ)ใน ๊ฒ ๊ฐ๋ค โlooks/sounds like/appears that.โ
๊ทธ๋ผ ์์ํ ๊ฒ์.
Listen to the Conversation
The theme of todayโs conversation isใ๊ฝค ๋ง์๊ฒ ๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ใโI think it turned out pretty delicious.โ
It seems that Tammy has cooked a Korean dish.
Please try to guess what kind of food she made by listening to the conversation.
๊ทธ๋ผ ๋ค์ด ๋ณด์ธ์!
- ํ ๋ฏธ๏ผ์๋ฏผ ์จ, ์ง๊ธ ๋ญ ํ์ธ์?
Tammy๏ผSangmin, what are you doing now? - ์๋ฏผ๏ผ์ ์? ์ ์ด์ ๋ญ ์ข ์ฌ๋ฌ ๋๊ฐ๋ ค๊ณ ์.
Sangmin๏ผMe? Iโm going out now to buy something. - ํ ๋ฏธ๏ผ๊ทธ๋ ๊ตฐ์. ์ค๋ ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์?
Tammy๏ผI see. Do you think itโll take long? - ์๋ฏผ๏ผ์๋์, ๊ธ๋ฐฉ ๋๋ ๊ฑฐ์์. ๊ทผ๋ฐ ๋ฌด์จ ์ผ ์์ด์?
Sangmin๏ผNo, itโll be soon. But whatโs the matter? - ํ ๋ฏธ๏ผ์ ๊ฐ ์ฒ์์ผ๋ก ๊ฐ์ํ์ ๋์ฌ ๋ดค์ด์. ๊ฝค ๋ง์๊ฒ ๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์. ๊ด์ฐฎ์ผ๋ฉด ์๋ฏผ ์จ๋ ๊ฐ์ด ๋จน๊ณ ์ถ์ด์์.
Tammy๏ผI tried making Kanjatang for the first time. I think it turned out pretty delicious. If you donโt mind, Iโd like to eat it with you. - ์๋ฏผ๏ผ์ง์ง์? ๊ธ๋ฐฉ ๋๋ด๊ณ ๊ฐ๊ฒ์. 1์๊ฐ ์์ผ๋ก ๋์ฐฉํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์ผ๋๊น ๊ทผ์ฒ์ ๊ฐ๋ฉด ๋ค์ ์ฐ๋ฝํ ๊ฒ์.
Sangmin๏ผReally? Iโll finish it quickly and go. I think Iโll arrive in an hour, so Iโll let you know when Iโm close.
Vocabulary and Phrases
Iโll explain the vocabulary and phrases in the conversation.
- ํ ๋ฏธ๏ผ์๋ฏผ ์จ, ์ง๊ธ ๋ญ ํ์ธ์?
์ง๊ธ is โnow.โ A synonym for ์ง๊ธ is ์ด์ .
์ด์ can also be translated as โalready/soon/from now on.โ
On the other hand, ์ง๊ธ means โnow.โ
This is the difference between the two expressions.
- ์๋ฏผ๏ผ์ ์? ์ ์ด์ ๋ญ ์ข ์ฌ๋ฌ ๋๊ฐ๋ ค๊ณ ์.
์ is a shortened form of ์ ๋ โI (polite form)+the topic marker.โ
Native Koreans try to shorten words as short as possible, especially in their conversation.
Speaking of shortened words, letโs learn some of them.
๋ is a shortened form of ๋๋ โI (casual form) + the topic marker.โ
๋ is a shortened form of ๋๋ฅผ โI (casual form) +the object marker.โ
Next, letโs see ๋๊ฐ๋ค โto go out.โ
Because it has ๊ฐ๋ค โto goโ attached, it means โto go out.โ
But a similar word ๋์ค๋ค has ์ค๋ค โto comeโ attached, so it means โto come out.โ
- ํ ๋ฏธ๏ผ๊ทธ๋ ๊ตฐ์. ์ค๋ ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์?
๊ทธ๋ ๊ตฐ์ โI seeโ is an expression that is often used to show a sympathy or an agreement.
There is also a similar expression ๊ทธ๋ ๊ตฌ๋, but it is used only when you talk to your friends or people you are close to.
์ค๋ means โfor a long time/a while.โ
You can use it like ์ค๋ ๊ธฐ๋ค๋ฆฌ์
จ์ด์? โDid you wait for a long time?โ
You can also repeat ์ค๋ twice to say ์ค๋์ค๋.
It means โforever/for a very long time.โ
It can be used in a wedding message like, ์ค๋์ค๋ ํ๋ณตํ์ธ์ โI wish you stay happy forever.โ
- ์๋ฏผ๏ผ์๋์, ๊ธ๋ฐฉ ๋๋ ๊ฑฐ์์. ๊ทผ๋ฐ ๋ฌด์จ ์ผ ์์ด์?
๊ธ๋ฐฉ means โsoon.โ
A word that often gets confused with ๊ธ๋ฐฉ is ๋ฐฉ๊ธ.
๋ฐฉ๊ธ means โjust nowโ and it refers to the past just a moment ago.
For example, ๋ฐฉ๊ธ ๋ฒ์ค๊ฐ ์ง๋๊ฐ์ด์ โThe bus just passed by.โ
So, ๊ธ๋ฐฉ is used for future events whereas ๋ฐฉ๊ธ is used for past events.
๋๋๋ค is โto finish.โ
A similar expression is ๋๋ด๋ค, which means โto make it finish.โ
The difference between these two is that ๋๋ด๋ค has oneโs will and intention compared to ๋๋๋ค.
๋ฌด์จ ์ผ ์์ด์? means โWhatโs the matter?โ
This is an expression that native Koreans often use, so you can memorize it as a phrase.
- ํ ๋ฏธ๏ผ์ ๊ฐ ์ฒ์์ผ๋ก ๊ฐ์ํ์ ๋์ฌ ๋ดค์ด์. ๊ฝค ๋ง์๊ฒ ๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์. ๊ด์ฐฎ์ผ๋ฉด ์๋ฏผ ์จ๋ ๊ฐ์ด ๋จน๊ณ ์ถ์ด์์.
๊ฐ์ means a โpotato,โ but it also refers to the meat at the backbone of a pig.
In this dish, potatoes are placed on the bottom and the pork backbone meat on top of it.
ํ means a โsoup/hot pot.โ
For example, ์ผ๊ณํ โSamgyetang,โ ์ค๋ ํ โSeolleongtang,โ ๊ฐ๋นํ โGalbitang,โ and other dishes with ํ are served in a stone pot.
๋์ด๋ค means โto boil/to stew.โ
Letโs learn some basic words related to cooking here.
๋ณถ๋ค means โto fry,โ ๊ตฝ๋ค means โto grill,โ ํ๊ธฐ๋ค is โto fry,โ ์ฐ๋ค is โto steam,โ and ๋ฌด์น๋ค is โto marinate.โ
๊ฝค is an adverb that means โquite/much.โ
For example, you can use it like ์ด ์ํ๋ ๊ฝค ์ฌ๋ฏธ์์ด์ โThis movie is quite interesting.โ
- ์๋ฏผ๏ผ์ง์ง์? ๊ธ๋ฐฉ ๋๋ด๊ณ ๊ฐ๊ฒ์. 1์๊ฐ ์์ผ๋ก ๋์ฐฉํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์ผ๋๊น ๊ทผ์ฒ์ ๊ฐ๋ฉด ๋ค์ ์ฐ๋ฝํ ๊ฒ์.
๊ทผ์ฒ means โnear/neighborhood.โ
๋ค์ means โagain.โ
There is another word ๋ which also means โagain.โ
So ๋ ๋ค์ would mean โagain, once more.โ
Grammar
-(์ผ)ใน
Iโll explain the grammar.
When you want to write about something that is going to happen in the future, you can add (์ผ)ใน to the stem of a verb to say โthat (I) will.โ
There are major 3 patterns for this.
1. First, you use ์ when there is a final consonant, so ๋จน๋ค โto eatโ becomes ๋จน์.
2. Second, when there is no final consonant, you add ใน to the stem, so ๊ฐ๋ค โto goโ becomes ๊ฐ.
3. Third, when the stem finishes with ใน final consonant, you just need to remove ๋ค at the end, so ๋ง๋ค๋ค โto makeโ becomes ๋ง๋ค.
Then, letโs go over some example sentences.
Ex.1)
์ด๊ฒ์ ๋ด๊ฐ ๋จน์ ๋นต์ด์์.
This is the bread I will eat.
Since ๋จน๋ค has ใฑ final consonant, ์ will be added to the stem, so it becomes ๋จน์.
Ex.2)
๋ด์ผ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๊ฐ ๊ณณ์ ์ด๋์์?.
Where is the place we will go tomorrow?
Since ๊ฐ๋ค โto goโ does not have a final consonant, you add ใน to make ๊ฐ.
Quiz
ใป ๋ด๋
๋ถํฐ ์์ธ์์ (โโโโโ) ์์ ์ด์์.
I have a plan that I will start working in Seoul next year.
(1)์ผํ (2)์ผํ๋
The answer is (1).
์ผํ๋ค โto workโ does not have a final consonant, so you add ใน to the stem and it becomes ์ผํ .
The whole sentence would be ๋ด๋ ๋ถํฐ ์์ธ์์ (์ผํ ) ์์ ์ด์์.
-(์ผ)ใด/๋/(์ผ)ใน ๊ฒ ๊ฐ๋ค
The next grammar to learn is (์ผ)ใด/๋/(์ผ)ใน ๊ฒ ๊ฐ๋ค โIt sounds/looks like/ seems like.โ
You use this expression to make an uncertain statement or a guess.
The conjunction, (์ผ)ใด/๋/(์ผ)ใน changes depending on the tense, but the โ๊ฒ ๊ฐ๋ค is the same in all cases.
If you want to use the ์ form, you need to finish a sentence with -๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
When it comes to pronunciation, native Koreans often say ๊ฐ์ ์ as in ๊ฐ์์.
Today, I will go with the standard ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
We have already learned how to make noun modifiers for action verbs in past, present, and future tenses in previous lessons, so this time Iโll just briefly review how to use them with verbs with or without a final consonant.
โ a verb with a final consonant.
Add ์ for past tense like ๋จน์ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ๋ค. โIt seems (someone) ate~.โ
Add ๋ for present tense like ๋จน๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ๋ค. โIt seems to be eating~.โ
Add ์ for future tense like ๋จน์ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ๋ค. โIt seems (someone) will eat~.โ
โก verbs without a final consonant.
Add ใด for past tense, so it becomes ์ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ๋ค. โIt seems (someone) slept.โ
Add ๋ for present tense, so it becomes ์๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ๋ค. โIt seems to be sleeping.โ
Add ใน for future tense, so it becomes ์ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ๋ค. โIt seems (someone) will sleep.โ
Then, letโs look at a phrase in todayโs conversation.
Ex.1)
๊ทธ๋ ๊ตฐ์. ์ค๋ ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์?
I see. Do you think itโll take long?
๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋ค means โto take (time).โ
This is prediction of the future, and since ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋ค does not have a final consonant, you add ใน and it becomes ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
Ex.2)
๊ฝค ๋ง์๊ฒ ๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
I think it turned out pretty deliciously.
๋ง์๊ฒ ๋๋ค means โto turn out deliciously.โ
Here, letโs create the past tense โturned out delicious.โ
Since ๋๋ค does not have a final consonant, you add -ใด and it becomes ๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
Ex.3)
1์๊ฐ ์์ผ๋ก ๋์ฐฉํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์ผ๋๊น ๊ทผ์ฒ์ ๊ฐ๋ฉด ๋ค์ ์ฐ๋ฝํ ๊ฒ์.
I think Iโll arrive in an hour, so Iโll let you know when Iโm close.
Here, ๋์ฐฉํ๋ค means โto arrive.โ
Sangmin is predicting the future that heโll arrive within an hour, so he applies (์ผ)ใน.
Since ๋์ฐฉํ๋ค does not have a final consonant, you add -ใน to the stem and it becomes ๋์ฐฉํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์ผ๋๊น.
Here, instead of finishing the sentence with ๊ฐ์์, itโs connected with (์ผ)๋๊น, which indicates the reason.
As you can see, -๊ฒ ๊ฐ๋ค can be used not only at the end of a sentence, but also in the middle of a sentence.
Quiz
โ ๋ด์ผ์ ๋น๊ฐ (โโโโโ) ์ฐ์ฐ์ ์ฑ๊ฒจ ๊ฐ์.
It seems like itโll rain tomorrow, so take an umbrella with you.
(1)์ค๋๊น (2)์ฌ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์ผ๋๊น
The answer is (2).
๋น๊ฐ ์ค๋ค is โto rain.โ
โItโll rain tomorrowโ is guessing the future, and since ๋น๊ฐ ์ค๋ค does not have a final consonant, you add -ใน to the stem, so it becomes ๋น๊ฐ ์ฌ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ๋ค.
You can also use -๋๊น โsince/because-โ to express the reason like ๋น๊ฐ ์ฌ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์ผ๋๊น.
The full sentence will be ๋ด์ผ์ ๋น๊ฐ (์ฌ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์ผ๋๊น) ์ฐ์ฐ์ ์ฑ๊ฒจ ๊ฐ์.
Conversation (Korean only)
Letโs listen to the conversation once again, but this time without English subtitles.
You should be able to understand it much better than in the beginning.
๊ทธ๋ผ ํ์ธํด ๋ณด์ธ์.
- ํ ๋ฏธ๏ผ์๋ฏผ ์จ, ์ง๊ธ ๋ญ ํ์ธ์?
- ์๋ฏผ๏ผ์ ์? ์ ์ด์ ๋ญ ์ข ์ฌ๋ฌ ๋๊ฐ๋ ค๊ณ ์.
- ํ ๋ฏธ๏ผ๊ทธ๋ ๊ตฐ์. ์ค๋ ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์?
- ์๋ฏผ๏ผ์๋์, ๊ธ๋ฐฉ ๋๋ ๊ฑฐ์์. ๊ทผ๋ฐ ๋ฌด์จ ์ผ ์์ด์?
- ํ ๋ฏธ๏ผ์ ๊ฐ ์ฒ์์ผ๋ก ๊ฐ์ํ์ ๋์ฌ ๋ดค์ด์. ๊ฝค ๋ง์๊ฒ ๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์. ๊ด์ฐฎ์ผ๋ฉด ์๋ฏผ ์จ๋ ๊ฐ์ด ๋จน๊ณ ์ถ์ด์์.
- ์๋ฏผ๏ผ์ง์ง์? ๊ธ๋ฐฉ ๋๋ด๊ณ ๊ฐ๊ฒ์. 1์๊ฐ ์์ผ๋ก ๋์ฐฉํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์ผ๋๊น ๊ทผ์ฒ์ ๊ฐ๋ฉด ๋ค์ ์ฐ๋ฝํ ๊ฒ์.
Conversation Practice
- ํ ๋ฏธ๏ผ์๋ฏผ ์จ, ์ง๊ธ ๋ญ ํ์ธ์?
Tammy๏ผSangmin, what are you doing now? - ์๋ฏผ๏ผ์ ์? ์ ์ด์ ๋ญ ์ข ์ฌ๋ฌ ๋๊ฐ๋ ค๊ณ ์.
Sangmin๏ผMe? Iโm going out now to buy something. - ํ ๋ฏธ๏ผ๊ทธ๋ ๊ตฐ์. ์ค๋ ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์?
Tammy๏ผI see. Do you think itโll take long? - ์๋ฏผ๏ผ์๋์, ๊ธ๋ฐฉ ๋๋ ๊ฑฐ์์. ๊ทผ๋ฐ ๋ฌด์จ ์ผ ์์ด์?
Sangmin๏ผNo, itโll be soon. But whatโs the matter? - ํ ๋ฏธ๏ผ์ ๊ฐ ์ฒ์์ผ๋ก ๊ฐ์ํ์ ๋์ฌ ๋ดค์ด์. ๊ฝค ๋ง์๊ฒ ๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์. ๊ด์ฐฎ์ผ๋ฉด ์๋ฏผ ์จ๋ ๊ฐ์ด ๋จน๊ณ ์ถ์ด์์.
Tammy๏ผI tried making Kanjatang for the first time. I think it turned out pretty delicious. If you donโt mind, Iโd like to eat it with you. - ์๋ฏผ๏ผ์ง์ง์? ๊ธ๋ฐฉ ๋๋ด๊ณ ๊ฐ๊ฒ์. 1์๊ฐ ์์ผ๋ก ๋์ฐฉํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์ผ๋๊น ๊ทผ์ฒ์ ๊ฐ๋ฉด ๋ค์ ์ฐ๋ฝํ ๊ฒ์.
Sangmin๏ผReally? Iโll finish it quickly and go. I think Iโll arrive in an hour, so Iโll let you know when Iโm close.
Homework
Please use (์ผ)ใน ๊ฒ ๊ฐ๋ค to guess what your friend or family member will likely do in the future.
For example, I can say
- ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ค๋น ๋ ๋ค์ ๋ฌ์ ๊ฒฐํผํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
My brother seems to get married next month.
The second homework is memorizing vocabulary.
Please memorize 40 words from #1081 to #1120 on page 14 of the Elementary Vocabulary List.
Thatโs it for today!
๊ทธ๋ผ ์ค๋๋ ํ๋ณต ๊ฐ๋, ์์ ๊ฐ๋ํ ํ๋ฃจ ๋์ธ์๏ผ ํ๊ตญ์ด ํ์ดํ
, ํ์ดํ
, ํ์ดํ
๏ผ๏ผ
Vocabulary Test : 40 Questions
Share your Quiz result through Twitter!